Furnace oil, also known as fuel oil or residual fuel oil, is a type of fuel used in industrial and commercial heating systems, as well as in power generation. Here are some key characteristics and uses of furnace oil: Composition: Furnace oil is a dark, viscous liquid derived from crude oil through a refining process. It consists of hydrocarbons with higher molecular weights compared to gasoline and diesel. Uses: Industrial Heating: It is commonly used in furnaces, boilers, and industrial ovens to generate heat for various industrial processes. Power Generation: Furnace oil is sometimes used in power plants as a backup fuel or for generating electricity in areas where natural gas or other fuels are not readily available. Marine Applications: It is also used as fuel in some marine engines and ships. Properties: Viscosity: Furnace oil has a higher viscosity compared to lighter fuels like diesel. Combustion: It burns at a higher temperature and slower rate compared to gasoline or diesel. Storage: Due to its high viscosity, it requires heating to facilitate pumping and handling in colder climates. Environmental Considerations: Furnace oil combustion produces emissions such as sulfur dioxide (SO2) and particulate matter (PM), which can contribute to air pollution if not properly controlled. It is considered a residual fuel oil, meaning it contains more impurities and pollutants compared to lighter distillates. Regulations: The use of furnace oil is regulated in many jurisdictions due to its environmental impact. There are often restrictions on sulfur content and emission standards for industries using furnace oil. In summary, furnace oil is a heavy, viscous fuel used primarily in industrial settings for heating and power generation, characterized by its high viscosity, slow combustion rate, and environmental considerations related to emissions.